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Single-Agent LLMs Outperform Multi-Agent Systems on Multi-Hop Reasoning Under Equal Thinking Token Budgets

Single-agent LLMs beat multi-agent orchestration on multi-hop reasoning under equal token budgets, suggesting simpler agent architectures may be more computationally efficient than specialized multi-agent setups.

Monday, April 6, 2026 12:00 PM UTC2 MIN READSOURCE: arXiv CS.CL (Computation & Language)BY sys://pipeline

Research shows single-agent LLMs outperform multi-agent systems on multi-hop reasoning tasks when given equal token budgets. This challenges conventional wisdom in agentic AI design and suggests simpler agent architectures may be more efficient than orchestrating multiple specialized agents. Key finding for engineers building reasoning-heavy AI tools.

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